Study on effects and mechanism of Tibetan medicine Shanhu qishiwei pill in lowering blood lipid of hyperlipidemia model rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of Tibetan medi cine Shanhu qishiwei pill in lowering blood lipid of hyperlipidemia（HLP）model rats ，and to explore its mechanism primarily. METHODS According to their body weigh ，60 SD rats were randomly divide into normal group ，model group ，simvastatin group （positive control ，20 mg/kg）and Shanhu qishiwei pill low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose groups （50，100，200 mg/kg），with 10 rats in each group. Normal group was given conventional diet ，and other groups were given high-lipid diet to induce HLP model ，for consecutive 4 weeks. Administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically at the same time of modeling ；normal group and model group were given equal volume of normal saline intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 4 weeks. After last administration ，the serum levels of TC ，TG， LDL-C and HDL-C were determined ；pathological changes of liver tissue were observed ；the protein expressions of AMPK ， p-AMPK，LKB1，and HMGCR in liver tissue were detected in each group. RESULTS Low-dose，medium-dose and high-dose of Shanhu qishiwei pill could significantly reduce the serum levels of TC ，TG and LDL-C and protein expression of HMGCR in liver tissue（P＜0.05），while significantly increased serum level of HDL-C ，phosphorylation level of AMPK ，protein expression of LKB 1 in liver tissue in HLP model rats （P＜0.05）；the pathological changes of liver tissue in HLP model rats were improved to different extents. CONCLUSIONS Shanhu qishiwei pill can reduce the blood lipid level of HLP model rats ，and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the transmission of LKB 1/AMPK signal pathway and regulating lipid metabolism.

Relationship Between Myeloid-derived Immunosuppressive Cells (MDSC) and Dialectical Relationship of TCM with Primary Liver Cancer / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective: To explore the dialectical relationship between immunosuppressed cell expression and TCM inpatients with liver cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 237 HBV-related primary liver cancer patients were collectedand the differences of MDSC expression and clinical BCLC stage and intrahepatic metastasis were analyzed. Peripheralvenous blood was taken for the detection of MDSC (CD33/CDl4/HLA-DR-/low/CDllb) expression in mononuclear cells, helper T cells (Th1, Th2) and interleukin (IL-12, IL-4) ) detection. Results: There was a significant difference betweenliver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome (24.21％) and qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome (5.54％) (Χ2=11.544, P ＜ 0.05) . The expression of MDSC (21.03％) was higher than that of liver-kidney yin deficiency (5.10％) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (＞ 5 cm) (Χ2= 8.223, P ＜ 0.005); the expression of Th2 in liver stagnation and spleendeficiency was higher than that of qi stagnation. There was a significant difference between groups in blood stasis group (t = 10.341, P ＜ 0.05) . The expression of Th2 in wet sputum was higher than that in liver and kidney yin deficiency group.There was significant difference between groups (t = 16.307, P ＜ 0.01) . The IL-4 in liver stagnation and spleendeficiency group (76.57 ± 5.01) was higher than that in qi stagnation and blood stasis group (121.70 ± 6.22); There was asignificant difference between groups (t = 21.414, P ＜ 0.05) . There was a significant difference in IL-4 (375.12 ± 5.31) inthe liver-kidney yin deficiency group compared with the group with wet phlegm (115.46 ± 4.15) (t = 12.455, P ＜ 0.05) .Conclusion: MDSC participates in tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis by regulating Th2 and IL-4, which isclosely related to the dialectical classification of TCM.

Event-related potentials in the implicit recognition of faces / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To use event-related potentials to identify whether face recognition is implicit, and to investigate specificity, race and inversion effects in face recognition. Methods Upright and inverted photographs of Eastern and Western human faces, upright dog faces and a mobile phone were presented in random order for 150 ms to 20 healthy subjects. The subject's attention was diverted away to search for the letter ”f ” in 6 small letters below the photos. Behavioral data were recorded synchronous with event-related potentials (ERPs). Results The P100,N170 and P170 potentials were enhanced and accelerated by faces compared with non-face images. The amplitude of P100 had the strongest correlation with the type of stimulus, showing the biggest amplitude with the mobile phone image (9.5 μV ), followed by the dog face (7.5 μV ). The weakest amplitude was evoked by the human face (6.9 μV). The amplitude of N170 responded most strongly to the human face, followed by the mobile phone (0.5 μV) and the dog face ( -1.9 μV). The P170 amplitude was largest with the human face and the latency was shortest (7.8 μV and 162.2 ms), followed by the dog face (5.2 μV, 174.4 ms) and the mobile phone (5.1 μV,173.5 ms). ERP components were not affected by the orientations or races of the faces in this situation. No difference was found in the late positive component evoked by the human faces and other images. Conclusions Implicit face recognition may depend on the specifics of the stimulus, although no race effect or inversion effect was detected using this procedure.

Effect of comprehensive treatment before and after fabrication of lower limb prostheses for persons wounded in Wenchuan earthquake / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment before and after fabrication of lower limb prostheses for the earthquake wounded.Methods The patients were treated with comprehensive rehabilitation treatment before and after fabrication of lower limb prostheses,including stump treatment(massage,pat and stump mold),physiotherapy(range of motion,strength,balance,standing and walking training,and use of physical agents),psychological therapy.Results The percentage of stump ulcer,stump swelling,limitation of joint motion and stump pain of all 42 cases was 74%,72%,41%and 5%,respectively.Stump ulcer healed and stump swelling decreased after comprehensive rehabilitative treatment.The stump shape,motion of joint and muscle strength improved significantly.All stumps can be fit with prosthetic limb.Excellent,good and fair walk functions of prosthetic limb were 51%,44%,and 2%,respectively.Conclusion The rate of poor stump limb was high after earthquake.Application of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment before and after fabrication of lower limb prostheses is very important for the earthquake wounded.

The prosthetic rehabilitation and training of myoelectric signal for upper limb stumps / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of prosthetic rehabilitation and analyze the exercise training program with myoelectric signal for upper limb stumps.Methods Twenty canes with 22 upper limb stumps were treated with exercise for strength training,muscle contraction and control training and the complication of stump were managed.The myoelectrlc signal of upper limb stumps were detected and the stumps were trained with electronic biofeedback software system,including basic signal of biofeedback training and visual biofeedback training.Then the myoelectric prostheses were assembled.Results After prosthetic rehabilitation and myoelectfic signal training,there Wan no significant atrophy of muscle of stumps,muscle strength and range of motion of these twenty limb stumps increased.The amputees could control muscle contraction and grasp,pinch,wrist rotation,elbow extension or flexion consciously.Twenty myoelectrie prostheses were assembled.Conclusion The prosthetic rehabilitation and myoelectric signal training of limb stump is important for assembling myoelectric prosthesis.

Clinical evaluation and treatment of stumps in amputees injured in Wenchuan earthquake / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To analyze the feature and cause of stumps of amputees after Wenchuan earthquake,and study the effects of rehabilitation treatment for stumps.Methods Fifty-two cases with stump limbs post-amputation were evaluated,including stump skin status,stump shape,stump length,stump swelling,range of motion (ROM)of joint and strength of stump,and were treated with physical therapy,stump moulding and kinesiotherapy.Results The incidences of stump ulcer,stump swelling,conical stump,short stump and limitation of ROM of joint in all 52 cases were 76%,73%,34%,40%and 42%respectively.After rehabilitation treatment stump ulcers healed,stump swelling eliminated;stump shape,ROM of joint and muscle strength improved obviously.All poor stumps could be fit with the prosthetic limb and get good function.Conclusion The incidences of poor stump limb post·amputation after earthquake were high.Rehabilitation treatment can improve the stump condition.Early comprehensive rehabilitative intervention after amputation is important for fitting the prosthetic limb tO the stump.

Changes of auditory event-related potential P300 in patients with reactive depression and depressive neurosis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Reactive depression and depressive neurosis are both psychogenic emotional disorders, clinically manifested by memory deterioration,impaired concentration, slow reaction, and bradyphrenia, among other cognitive function impairments. These subjective experiences of such patients still need to be backed up for their actual presence by objective laboratory evidences, which,however, have been scarcely available to our current knowledge.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of auditory event-related Potential (AERP) P300 in patients with reactive depression and depressive neurosis, and their correlation with cognitive function impairments.DESIGN: Case-controlled experiment.SETTING: Clinical Center of Psychological Counseling, Department of Neurology, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS: Forty normal control subjects were recruited from the staff of Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University between September 1997 and March 1998, including 21 male and 19 female subjects aged 20-50 years. Eighty patients were selected from the agematched outpatients of the same hospital seeking psychological counseling,including 40 with reactive depression (consisting of 29 male and 11 female patients) and 40 with depressive neurosis (consisting of 24 male and 16 female patients). From these patients 10 with abnormal P300 potential were randomly selected for followed-up study, including4 with reactive depression and4 with depressive neurosis.METHODS: All the patients and normal controls were subjected to conventional examination of AERP P300 in the Laboratory of Cerebral Electrophysiology, and psychological evaluation was carried out by specialists with the assistance of Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Results of AERP P300 examination and scores of Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in the 80 patients upon admission and 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, and results of AERP P300 examination in the control group. ② Results of AERP P300 examination and scores of Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale in the follow-up group. RESULTS: All subjects finished the study. The latency of all waves were remarkably prolonged in the patients as compared to the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), with also lower amplitude of AERP than that of the control group; the amplitudes of N1, P2 and N2 waves, in general,tended to decrease to statistically significant levels. In reactive depression group, the amplitude of P3 wave was obviously lower than that of the control group [(10.39±4.40) vs (15.11±4.16) μV, P ＜ 0.001], and the amplitudes of all waves in the neurosis group was obviously lower than those of the control group. Comparison of the latency and amplitude of P3 in the follow-up group before and after treatment revealed no significant difference in the latency of P3 [(314.10±44.08) vs (295.4±20.74) ms, t=1.21, P ＜ 0.05], but the amplitude of P3 obviously increased after treatment to almost the normal level [(6.38±2.50) vs (14.22±2.51) μV, t=-7.012, P ＜ 0.001].CONCLUSION: Patients with reactive depression or depressive neurosis have cognitive function impairment, and auditory event-related potential P300 can be used as a reference for cognitive evaluation and therapeutic effect assessment in these patients.

Primary observation of therapeutic effect of collagenase on hypertrophic scar / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic scar results from imbalance between local collagen synthesis and degradation and abnormal aggregation of collagen after burn and trauma.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of collagenase on collagen degradation in nude mice with graft of hypertrophic scar and its therapeutic effects on hyertrophic scar.DESIGN: Controlled experiment was designed.SETTING: Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy,Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Experimental Center of the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from July 1995 to April 1997, in which, 10 specimens of hypertrophic scar were employed, collected from the removed hypertrophic scars in Department of Plastic Surgery.All of patients were in the known before the operation. Experimental animals were 15 BACB/C nude mice, of which, 8 mice were male and 7 mice female.Totally 15 mice were grafted with hypertrophic scar tissue, 10 mice of which were survived after once graft; with second graft in the rest mice, 2 mice were survived and 3 mice were dead. The survival nude mice were randomized into experimental group and the control, 6 mice in each one.METHODS: The removed hypertrophic scars in plastic operation were grafted in the wound on the dorsum of nude mice to establish graft model of hypertrophic scar. In experimental group, 1% collagenase was injected locally in scar tissue; in the control group, collagease solvent was injected locally, once a week, for 4 weeks totally. After treatment, the materials were collected for macrogcopic observation and observation and analysis with optic and electronic microscopes.scar tissue before and after treatment.RESULTS: Twelve nude mice were survived after scar graft and all of them entered result analysis, 6 mice of which were in experimental group was smaller in size, thinner in thickness and softer in quality compared staining, Van Gieson's collagenous fiber staining and compound staining on slices, it was displayed that in experimental group, dermal layer became thin, collagenous fiber was unclear in structure and disperse in arrangement, but in the control, the dermal layer of scar tissue was hypertrophic microscopic observation, in experimental group, collagenous fibers were destroyed and unclear in structure, but in the control, collagenous fibers were disturbed in arrangement with distinct strips and clear structure.CONCLUSION: Collagenase degrades collagen of hypertrophic scar,lessens and softens scar, suggesting that local injection of collagease is probably a good therapy for hypertrophic scar.

Effects of inter-stimulus interval on pain evoked potential in rabbits / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo study the effects of painful inter-stimulus interval on event-related potentials in rabbits for best inter-stimulus interval.MethodsElectrode was attached to F4 site on rabbits' skull. An Oddball paradigm stimulus were adopted. The waveforms recorded under different inter-stimulus interval were analysed.ResultsThe latency of pain evoked potentials P2,N2,P3a under different inter-stimulus interval showed no significant difference.The amplitude was highest when the interval was 8s.ConclusionsThere is a best inter-stimulus interval for pain evoked potential.

Research on the Surface Electromyographic Signal Characteristics in Vastus Medialis during Muscular Fatigue / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective To explore a new method for evaluating muscle fatigue by analyzing the surface electromyographic(SEMG) signal characteristics and to search for the practical use of SEMG.Methods Four healthy young females performed continuous isometric contractions of vastus medialis at 65? knee extension with 60% MVC for 3 minutes. SEMG signals were recorded from bilateral vastus medialis. The data were analyzed through curve fitting and nonlinear regression.Results All the estimative curves for SEMG parameter in relation to the testing phase are of cubic with the equations of Y=b_0+b_1x+b_2x2+b_3x3. The b1 and b3 in the formula are negative and b2 is positive for MF,MPF,ZCR, whereas the b1 and b3 are positive and b2 is negative for AEMG.Conclusion The cubic curve during muscle fatigue suggests that three main factors may involve in muscle fatigue. The factors were discussed briefly and need to be confirmed further.

The morphologic changes of dorsal root ganglion after lumbar nerve root being under chronic compression and inflammatory stimulation in rabbits / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the morphologic changes of dorsal root ganglion in the lumbar region of rabbits after the nerve root was under chronic compression and inflammatory stimulation. Methods Twenty New Zealand rabbits were recruited for this study, of which 5 served as the control (control group), and the rest were randomized into 3 experimental subgroups: 10d group, 30d group, 90d group, respectively. The autologous nucleus pulposus from the tails (about 5mg) was put into the silastic tube (inner meter of 1.5mm, external diameter 2.5mm and length 12mm), which was inserted into the left L 7 intervertebral foramen to compress the lumbar nerve root. Sham operation was performed with the rabbits in the control group. The nerve root and the dorsal root ganglia were harvested and processed and observed with light microscope and electron microscope after 10d, 30d, 90d, respectively. Results In the 10d group, obvious hyperemia, edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the interspace of the intima of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) could be observed. Pyknosis, degeneration and necrosis were also found in some of the nerve cells. Electron microscopic observation showed that the number of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrion decreased, ribosome exfoliated, mitochondrion swelled. In 30d group, typical degeneration and necrosis became more obvious. Electron microscope showed that the number of lysosome and smooth endoplasmic reticulum increased, mitochondrion swelled and its cristae disappeared, nuclei concentrated and deviated. In 90d group, significant proliferation of fibrocyte could be observed. At the same time, dura mater and arachnoid of spinal cord around the nerve root were notably thickened, and became fibrogenesis. Electron microscope also showed the increment of the lysosome and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the swelling of mitochondrion, the loss of its cristae and the concentration of the nucleolus in the central part of the nuclei. No significant changes were found in the control group. Conclusion Pathological changes of neural degeneration such as edema, inflammatory infiltration could be observed in dorsal root ganglion after the nerve root was under chronic compression and stimulation by autologous nucleus pulposus.

Experimental study on He-Ne laser irradiation to inhibit scar fibroblast growth in culture / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the inhibitory effect of He-Ne laser irradiation on fibroblast growth of hypertrophic scars in culture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>He-Ne laser with wavelength of 632.8 nm, power density of 50 mW/cm(2) and doses of 3 J/cm(2), 30 J/cm(2), 90 J/cm(2) and 180 J/cm(2) was used to irradiate human scar fibroblasts in culture 1, 3 and 5 times respectively, and then the cell count and cell cycle analysis were done.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Repeated irradiation with He-Ne laser at dose of 180 J/cm(2) three and five times led to an evident decrease in total cell number compared with that of the control group and there was a significant difference (P<0.05). The cell cycle analysis showed after three and five times of irradiation with 180 J/cm(2) He-Ne laser the cell number in S-phase decreased from 51% to 20% and 14% respectively, the cell number in G(0)/G(1) phase increased from 28% to 55% and 60% respectively, and the cell percentage in Sub-G1 phase was 6.7% and 9.8% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Repeated irradiation with 180 J/cm(2) He-Ne laser can inhibit scar fibroblasts growth in culture. It may be that He-Ne laser irradiation causes cell stagnation in G(0)/G(1) phase and apoptosis.</p>

An observation of the morphology and the degradation of hypertrophic scar collagen / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of collagen degradation and scar morphology and structure in the formation of hypertrophic scar.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) plus collagen substrate electrophoresis, amino acid analysis and compound staining were employed to observe the collagenase activity within hypertrophic scar, collagen degradation and the tissue morphology of the scar.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There exhibited deranged collagen fibres within hypertrophic scar, and large amounts of acid mucopolysaccharide closely surrounded the collagen fibres. All these led to an obvious decrease in collagenase activity and reduction of collagen degradation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The decrease of collagen degradation and the formation of hypertrophic scar might be closely related to the decrease in collagenase activity and the inhibiting activity of acid mucopolysaccharide on collagenase.</p>

Preliminary study of P3b potential in rats / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective　To discuss the characteristics and mechanism of P3b potentials in rats and establish the animal model of P3b.Methods　P3b potentials and cell electric discharge in hippocampal CA1 region were recorded simultaneously inside cranio, septal and hippocampal CA1 region in rats.After septal lesions,the changes of P3b and cell electric discharge in hippocampal CA1 region were observed.Results　P3b in hippocampal CA1 region was correlated well with its cell electric discharge. Following septal lesions,P3b and cell electric discharge decreased gradually and disapeared eventually. Conclusion　Cell electric discharge in hippocampal CA1 region might be an important source of P3b.Normal structure and function of septal region were necessary to P3b's generation in hippocampal CA1 region. Additionally these suggested that cell electric discharge to target stimulation was important to P3b's generation.

Morphological observation and changes of hydroxyproline content in hypertrophic scar of rabbits / 第三军医大学学报

Objective　To establish animal model for hypertrophic scar and study the characters of its morphology and collagen metabolism. Methods　A total of 64 round wounds (diameter of 6 mm each) with total skin loss were made on the ventral side of rabbit ear using a trephine. Morphology and collagen metabolism of scar wounds were studied at 14,21,35,70 and 98 days after operation, respectively. Results　There were 76% elevated scars developed (45/59 wounds) on the ventral side of rabbit ear at 21 days and 46% elevated scars disappeared (11/24) at 98 days after operation. There were numerous fibroblast proliferation and whorl-arranged collagen fibers at 21 and 35 days. The number of fibroblast decreased, but irregular-arranged fibers still presented in the elevated scars at 70 and 98 days after operation. Hydroxyproline content in elevated scars at 21 days was higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05), and at 35 days was 3 times as that in normal skin and at 98 days was also markedly higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05). Conclusion　Excessive deposition of collagen is a characteristic of hypertrophic scar in rabbits. The conversion of normal scarring to hypertrophic scarring in rabbits occurs at 14～21 days after operation. Both development and regression of hypertrophic scar in rabbit are quicker than that in human.

Study on space distribution of rabbit P3a potential / 中国组织工程研究

Objective To investigate possible nerological origination of rabbit P3a potential. Method we simultaneously recorded the ERPs at dura and various depths beneath the skull in a point of rabbit skull, similarly did some in different points of rabbit skull. Result In the Brodmann 25 and 32 areas(AcgI), the polarity of P3a to those at dura was markedly reverse and the reverse rate of P3a(81.3%) was significantly higher than other locations, the P3a without polarity reversal showed steep voltage gradient. There was an increasing trend of the P3a reversal and moderate voltage gradient nearby the AcgI, but not other regions. Conclusion Rabbit P3a potential possibly originate from the AcgI acea.

Effects of mobilization on immobilized medial collateral ligament of rabbits / 中国康复理论与实践

@#This paper is on effect of mobilization on immobilized ligament.Eighteen rabbits were divided into three groups.Group Ⅰ,eight weeks of active movement;group Ⅱ,eight weeks of passive+active movement;group Ⅲ,age matched normal control.The biomechanical testing,histological and ultrastructural evaluation were used.Results:with mobilization,the structural properties of ligament bone complexs of MCL obviously improved but did not return to normal.The material properties of MCL was similar to those of contralateral and normal control.Arrangement of collagen fibers was similar to that of normal.Resorption of bone in ligament bone insertion sites was not significantly changed.Through mobilization following immobilization,failure location of MCL changed.Conclusion:The recovery of material properties of ligament substance was more quick than that of structural properties of ligament bone complexs.The effect of active movement and passive +active movement on recovery of structure of immobilized ligament was similar.

A Study on the Catabolism Degradation of Collagen in Hypertrophic Scar / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Purpose: To understand the function of catabolism degradation in the formation and deterioration of hypertrophic scar. Method: The study was carried out clinically, on animal model and cultured fibroblast cell. The investigation was conducted with naked eye, microscope, situ hybridization, dot blot hybridization, TUNEL and immunohistochemistry. Result:①The hypertrophic scar grew up very slow but might be eliminated 1/3 to 2/3 within one month with different chemical intervention. ②The synthesis of collagen in hypertrophic scar increased a little, but it's degradation decreased much more. ③The collagenase MMP-1 could destroy the collagen after local injection into the hypertrophic scar, it was proved by light and electromicroscope. ④The expression of MMP-1 Mrna increased a little in hypertrophic scar, but MMP-1 in the scar really decreased in quantity and activity. ⑤Ch-4-S increased significantly in hypertrophic scar, it wrapped up the collagen fibrils and blocked its contact with and avoided its catabolism by MMP-1.TIMP increased in hypertrophic scar and depressed the activity of MMP-1. ⑦The expression of TGF-β increased significantly. It positively related with the expression of TIMP and negatively related with the apototic phenomena in hypertrophic scar. The fibroblast in hypertrophic scar was rich and active, but its proliferation was not elevated and apotosis was delayed. Conclusion: ①The delay of apotosis of fibroblast, the wrapping of collagen by Ch-4-S, the reduction of collagenase in quantity and activity together made the abolition of collagen decreased and might be primary for the formation of hypertrophic scar. ②Accelerating the apotosis of fibroblast and catabolism of collagen might be an easy and rapid way for prevention and treatment of hypertrophic scar.